Governor



Oct. 7, 1930.

IA. DINA l 1,777,354

GOVERNOR Filed May 19 1.925

INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 7, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE AUGUSTO DINA., OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE PRECISION MA- CHINE CO., INC., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK GOVERNOR Application med May 19,

This invention relates broadly to motion imparting devices, and more particularly to speed controlled devices, and takes its princi.- pal form in a governor for imparting motion to an instrumentality herev represented as the fire shutter of a motion picture projector.

The adaption of the invention here illustrated is merely exemplary as the device may be employed for vimparting motion to various elements, and the' device therefore finds a wide field of utility.

The principal objects and advantages of this invention reside in the provision of an improved motion imparting device ,the provision of an improved motion imparting device particularly adapted for embodiment in a governor; the rovision, therefore, of an improved form o governor; the rovision of an improved speed controlled evice, such as a governor, which is particularly characterized by the absence of numerous external pivoted parts as commonly employed in governors known to me; the provisi n of a deviceof the character described, wherein the motion imparted tothe movable member is created by a rectilinear pressure, the provision of a governor in which the movable element is operated by -an evenly distributed pressure, to prevent binding of the elements and to reduce friction and thus render the device-more highly ,sensitive to slight variations in speed and enhance its capabilities of accurate adjustment; the provision of a governor including relatively displaceable elementsl and means for separating said elements for imparting motion wherein means is provided for imposing a uniform pressure upon the relativel movable members durin such separation; t e provision of a device o the character described in which the number of moving parts isconsiderably reduced; the provision of a governor in which at least two .separate adjustments may be readily made; the provision of a device of the character described characterized b the absence of objectionable ivot joints, t us-ehmmatlng vibration and ost motion to a large degree; and the provision of a device of the character described, which is simple, compact and high'-A ly eicient in operation.

1925. Serial No. 31,418.

The foregoing and such other objects and advantages as may appear or be pointed out as this description proceeds are attained in the embodiment illustrated in the accom- 'pany drawing, in which: i

Figures 1 and 2 are elevational views, parts in section, illustrating in two of its positions one application of the present invention Figure 3 is a plan view of one of the motion imparting elements of this invention;

Figures Aisland 5 are enlarged sectional views taken on the lines 4-4 and '5-5, respective ly, of Figure 3, looking in the direction indicated by the arrows; and

Figures 6 and' 7 are plan and sectional views, respectively, of an alternative form of this invention.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, 5 designates a shaft which, as

shown, is placed in suitable bearings 6 and 7 and in which the shaft -is revoluble by any suitable driving means (not shown) connected to the shaft by engagement with the worm gear 8.

The governor, 4as'shown in the form of Figures 1 to 5, mcludes the retainer or cup members .9 and 10, the former being fixedly secured to the shaft 5 for rotation therewith and the latter being keyed to said shaft whereby to rotate therewith and to be slidable thereon toward and away from the complemental cup member 9.

rI'he two retainer members 9 and 10 are substantiall identical in general form, the membei'. 9 inc uding a hub portion 11, fixed to the shaft 5 b the provision of a set screw 12 assing t rough said hub. The member 9 urther includes an annular flange 13, which extends laterally and angularly with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaft 5, and said ange is provided with aplurality of radial channels or grooves 14-14 and intermediate abutments 15-15, forming radial pockets alfording seats for the centrifugal actuating devices, which in the present v1n- 'stance take the form of balls 16-16. It will be observed that the inner ends of the radial channels 14 are joined so as to afford a substantially circumferential recess for reception of the actuatingv elements 16, the abut- (ill ments merely serving to space the balls from each other. This exact form need not be adhered to 'as the abutments may be omitted and a continuous.circumferential groove sub'- stitu-ted, such as indicated at 16 1n Figures 6 and 7, to be described presently.

It will be observed that the curvature. of groove 1Ga is Such that only a relatively small surface of contact exists between the member 9 and the balls, thus preventing them from hu ging the hub thereof. In fact the balls all ave relatively small contact surfaces with the members 9 and 10 and their respective abutments,'thereby enhancing the sensitiveness of the governor.

The member 10 includes 'a hub portion 17 .and a radial ange 18 formed with a plurality of radial grooves or channels 14'414a and abutments 15a-15, 'complementally with respect to the grooves and abutments of the member 9, said grooves 14 and 14.a cooperating to receive and retain the balls 16.

The hub 17 and the member 10 are provided with a key 19 which serves to connect the member 10 to the shaft 5 for sliding and rotative engagement therewith. Said hub 17 is also provided with an external circumferential channel 20, which serves to receive a pin 21 carried by the shutter operating arm 22, which latter is pivotally mounted at 23 and carries ashutter 24 adapted to be moved to open and close the opening 25 in the frame 26, which in the present instance may be the frame of a motion picture projector.

The members 9 and 10 are normally maintained in the position shown in Figure l while the shaft 5 is at rest, by theprovision of an expansion spring 27 which surrounds the shaft 5 and. disposed between and having its endsseated on the hub 17 and adjustable collar 28, which latter is adjustably secured to the shaft 5 bythe provision of a set screw 29 passing through said collar.

In operation, assuming that the device is applied to a motionvpicture projector wherein stoppage of the machine might cause ignition of the film, the governor operates to maintain the shutter in a raised position,`as lseen in Figure 2, while the machine is running, but upon stoppage of the machine, the governor, in response to the action of the spring 27, and the tendency forthe balls to seek the lowest level in the grooves '14, moves the arm V22 downwardly to close the opening 25 by means of the shutter 24. It will be noted that a stop member 30 in the path ofl movement of the arm 22 limits the upward movement thereof to such extent that the balls cannot escape from the governor, that is. the members 9 and 1() cannot be separated to suoli an extent that the flanges 13 and 18 would fail to retain the balls.

The important advantages of this `construction are that the governor is highly sensitive to the action. of centrifugal force, and

the provision of the balls and channels therecompact as practicable.

Referring now to the alternative form of this invention shown in Figures 6 and 7, a shaft 5a is provided, upon which the governor members 9L and 10a are mounted, the former being fixed to said shaft for rotation therewith by theprovision of a set screw 12a, and the latter of said governor members being rotatable with and slidable upon said shaft.

The members 9 and 10l are provided with circumferentialgrooves 16a and 16", respectively, these grooves being coextensive and receiving and retaining the actuating members, such asthe balls 31-31, which function to engage the inclinedsurfaces 32-32 of the grooves 16a and 16h to separate the members 9a and 10a when the shaft 5a is rotated.-

In this form of the invention, as previously pointed out, the abutments 15 are omitted, and spacing means for the balls are provided, which here take the form of the disks 33 and 34, disposed between the members 9 and 10, and axially mounted with respect thereto. The disks 33 and 34 are complemental, substantially identical in construction, reference being had to the disk 34 shown in Figure 6, the latter having a plurality of radial tongues 35 affording spaces 36, the balls 31 operating in said spaces, and being maintained in spaced relationship by the tongues 35 provided on each of the disks. The

tongues 35 are provided with flaring ends 37,

so that the outward movement of the balls tends to cooperate with the surfaces 32, 32 to separate said disks longitudinally of the shaft 5 and as a consequence relatively displace the members 9'3L and 10a, and perform the same function as that described in connection with Figure 1.

Instead of keyingthemember 10a to the shaft 5, I provide the pins 38 and 39, which have each enlarged portions 40, 41, which lie between the disks 33 and 34, the opposite ends of said pins being seated in complemental aligned recesses 42-42 in the members 9a and 10a. The pins 38 and 39'thus serve to keep the members 9a and 10a, and disks 33 and 34, in alignment, and to cause the member 10a to rotate with as Well A'as slide upon the shaft 5, and thus serve the function of keys.

In the arrangement shown in Figures 6 and 7, the provision of the disks 33 and 34 tends to distribute the wear on said disks and the members 9* and 10 and rmits of ready renewal of the disks when t ey become worn.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, a shaft, a member fixed to said shaft for rotation therewith, a complemental member slidable upon said shaft -and held for rotation with said first mentioned member, circumferential comp1emen tal grooves in each of said members, and having lnclined surfaces, means including revoluble members lying in said grooves engaging the edges thereof for separating said members along their axis of rotation when rotated, and means for reventing relative rotation of radially movable means between said elements for separating same, a notched disk carried by the separable elements for spacing said radially movable means and means positive l enga said separable elements and disc fbr remova ly securing said disk to and between said separable elements for rotation therewith.

6. In a device of the character described, in combination, a pair of separable elements, radially movable means between said elements for separating same, a notched disk carried by the separable elements for spacing said radially movable means, and means for relatively spacing and for removably securing said disk to both of said separable elements for rotation therewith and for preventing relative rotation of the latter.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto si ed m name.

gn y AUGUSTO DINA.

said first mentioned members including pins extending between the same.

2. In combination, a shaft, a member fixed to said shaft for rotation therewith, a complemental member slidable upon said shaft and held for rotation with said first mentioned member, circumferential complemental grooves in each of said members, and

havin inclined surfaces, means including` revolu le members lying in said grooves,

means between said first mentioned members for retaining and spacing said revoluble members, and means extending between said first mentioned members for retaining said spacing means.

3. In combination, a shaft, a member fixed to said shaft for rotation therewith, a com- 4plemental member slidable upon said shaft and held for rotation with'said first'mentioned member, circumferential complemental grooves in each of said members, and havin inclined surfaces, means including revolu le members lying in said grooves, means between said first mentioned members for retaining and spacing said revoluble meub' bers, and pms extending between said first mentioned members for retaining said spacing means.

, to said shaft for rotation therewith, a com- 4tween said first mention In combination, a shaft, a member fixed for retaining said spacing ves,means bemembers for reioo ne l, 

